划重点！最新版基孔肯雅热诊疗方案要点速记

Core Points - The National Health Commission and the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine released the 2025 version of the Chikungunya fever diagnosis and treatment plan [1] Summary by Sections Clinical Features - Most patients develop a rash 2 to 5 days after onset [3] - Fever typically presents acutely, mainly as low to moderate fever, with higher fever more common in children, lasting 3 to 5 days [3] - Rashes are more common in children than in adults [3] - Severe cases are rare, but there have been reports of severe cases and deaths during outbreaks abroad [3] Transmission Pathways - The virus is primarily transmitted through bites from infected Aedes mosquitoes, mainly Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti [3] - There is potential for mother-to-child transmission, and in rare cases, transmission can occur through blood transfusions or contact with infected blood [3] - Not all individuals bitten by infected mosquitoes will contract the virus [3] Treatment Recommendations - For significant joint pain, rest and immobilization of affected joints are advised, avoiding heavy loads and intense activities [4] - Acetaminophen is recommended for high fever, while aspirin should be avoided [4] - For persistent joint pain after the acute phase, topical analgesics may be used [4] - Patients are advised to be hospitalized and isolated, with isolation lifted after 24 hours of normal temperature and negative nucleic acid tests [4] Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Approaches - Recommended herbal formula for acute phase includes various herbs such as Guanghuoxiang, Gegen, and Qianghuo, with specific dosages and preparation methods [5] - External treatments include foot baths and compresses using specific herbs to alleviate symptoms [5] Prevention Measures - Key preventive measures include eliminating mosquito breeding sites and using repellents and mosquito nets [6] - Travelers to endemic areas should be aware of prevention strategies to avoid infection [6] - Recommended repellent ingredients include DEET, Picaridin, and oil of lemon eucalyptus, with specific concentration guidelines for different age groups [6]