美国：药品关税威胁令美药企“手足无措”

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article is that President Trump's threat to impose high tariffs on imported drugs may not achieve the intended goals of lowering drug prices and enhancing national security [1] - Several U.S. pharmaceutical companies have announced plans to increase domestic investments to avoid tariffs, with Johnson & Johnson committing $55 billion, Eli Lilly planning to invest $27 billion in four new manufacturing plants, and AstraZeneca investing $50 billion to expand drug production, totaling over $250 billion in planned investments [3] - Experts indicate that these initiatives may not reduce U.S. dependence on foreign key pharmaceutical ingredients and drugs, nor are they likely to lower health costs for American consumers [3][5] Group 2 - The pharmaceutical industry is highly globalized, with drug raw materials and finished products sourced from various countries, making it difficult to relocate supply chains solely through administrative orders [5] - The claim of lowering drug prices is also questioned, as the costs of labor, electricity, and transportation in the U.S. are significantly higher than in other countries, making "Made in America" products potentially more expensive [7] - A substantial portion of the U.S. drug market is occupied by generic drug manufacturers, which have low profit margins and may choose to exit the U.S. market in response to high tariffs, exacerbating drug shortages and ultimately increasing prices for consumers [7]