旅游业“主客共享”如何实现？（环球热点）

Core Insights - The tourism industry in Europe is experiencing a strong recovery, leading to protests in various cities due to issues like over-tourism and rising living costs for locals [7][8][9] - The protests highlight the tension between tourism growth and local residents' quality of life, raising questions about sustainable tourism practices and equitable benefit sharing [9][10][12] Group 1: Tourism Growth and Protests - Europe has seen record high temperatures this summer, coinciding with a surge in tourism, prompting protests in cities like Palma, Barcelona, and Venice against over-tourism [7][8] - The United Nations World Tourism Organization predicts approximately 747 million international tourists will visit Europe in 2024, with Southern and Western Europe receiving about 70% of these visitors [8][9] - Protests are not against tourism itself but against the economic dependency on tourism that leads to negative impacts on local communities [9][10] Group 2: Economic Impact of Tourism - In Southern European countries, tourism significantly boosts the economy, contributing to various sectors such as transportation and retail [9] - By 2025, Spain's tourism sector is expected to contribute over €260 billion to the national economy, accounting for nearly 16% of GDP [9] - The protests reflect a broader issue of economic reliance on tourism, where local residents feel they do not benefit from the influx of tourists [9][10] Group 3: Measures to Address Over-Tourism - In response to the protests, cities like Venice and Barcelona have implemented measures such as entry fees and restrictions on short-term rentals to manage tourist flow [10][11] - However, these measures have faced backlash and have not effectively resolved the underlying issues of over-tourism and its impact on local communities [10][11] - The World Tourism Organization indicates that the challenges of over-tourism are rooted in deeper issues like infrastructure and planning, rather than just the number of tourists [11][12] Group 4: Sustainable Tourism Solutions - Experts suggest that developing a comprehensive governance system for sustainable tourism is essential, focusing on equitable sharing of tourism benefits with local residents [13][14] - Successful examples of sustainable tourism include community-driven initiatives in Switzerland and China, where local residents actively participate in tourism and benefit from its economic returns [13][14] - Enhancing local residents' involvement in tourism can lead to better outcomes for both the community and the tourism sector, fostering a more balanced relationship between tourists and locals [14]