RWA发展研究报告2025：法律、监管与市场前瞻

Core Insights - The report focuses on the development of Real-World Assets (RWA), highlighting their definition, investment value, global regulatory framework, development path in mainland China, and future trends [1][2][17]. Group 1: RWA Definition and Background - RWA refers to the process of converting physical or traditional financial assets into digital tokens using blockchain technology, aiming to enhance liquidity, transparency, and accessibility of assets [23][29]. - The rise of RWA addresses long-standing pain points in traditional finance, such as insufficient asset liquidity and low transparency, with blockchain technology providing a solution [29][30]. - Traditional financial institutions are increasingly investing in RWA, validating its strategic importance and accelerating its development [32][33]. Group 2: Investment Value and Advantages of RWA - RWA significantly enhances asset liquidity and market efficiency, allowing traditionally illiquid assets to be tokenized and traded, thus broadening the potential buyer base [48][49]. - The tokenization process reduces transaction costs and settlement times, with examples showing that the average holding period for real estate tokens is only 47 days compared to 6-9 months for traditional commercial real estate [49]. - RWA provides increased accessibility to investments, lowering barriers for retail investors to participate in high-value assets [2][48]. Group 3: Global Regulatory Framework - Major jurisdictions are actively constructing regulatory frameworks for RWA, with organizations like FSB and BCBS proposing relevant principles [2][3]. - The U.S. has introduced the GENIUS Act to regulate stablecoins, while the EU's MiCA regulation has come into full effect [2][3]. - Hong Kong has upgraded its digital asset policies, launching the LEAP framework and stablecoin regulations [2][3]. Group 4: Unique Development Path in Mainland China - The development of RWA in mainland China is characterized by a "gray area" in regulation, with policies like the "9.4 announcement" imposing certain restrictions [2][4]. - RWA projects in China focus on sectors like renewable energy and agriculture, utilizing a "blockchain + IoT" model [2][4]. - The concept of Real Data Assets (RDA) has been proposed to promote the value of data elements, although challenges in compliance, technology, and market remain [2][4]. Group 5: Future Trends and Challenges - The global RWA market is expected to continue growing, with institutional participation accelerating and stablecoins playing a central role [2][6]. - Emerging asset classes, such as computing power, show potential but face legal and regulatory challenges [2][6]. - The need for international collaboration and standardization is emphasized to address legal and regulatory challenges in the RWA space [2][6].