多国重新审视核能政策、陆续启动核电项目

Group 1: Global Nuclear Energy Outlook - The International Energy Agency (IEA) projects that global nuclear power generation is expected to reach a historical high by 2026, driven by the restart of nuclear reactors in Japan, strong growth in the US and France, and new nuclear projects in Asia [1] - Nuclear energy currently accounts for nearly 10% of global electricity generation, making it the second-largest low-carbon energy source after hydropower [1] - There are nearly 420 operational nuclear reactors worldwide, with 63 reactors under construction, totaling over 70 gigawatts (GW) of capacity, the highest level since 1990 [1] Group 2: Southeast Asia Nuclear Initiatives - Southeast Asian countries are initiating nuclear power projects, with Vietnam planning to restart a 4 million kilowatt nuclear power plant and Indonesia aiming to build over 20 reactors by 2050 [2] - Thailand plans to introduce two small modular reactors (SMRs) by 2037, while Malaysia has launched a national nuclear technology policy for 2030 [2] - By 2040, Southeast Asia's nuclear power capacity is expected to exceed 7 GW [2] Group 3: European Nuclear Policy Shift - Several European countries are reassessing their nuclear energy policies, with Germany showing signs of easing its opposition to nuclear power amid rising energy prices [2] - Countries like Belgium, the UK, and Italy are also planning to restart or expand their nuclear facilities [2] - A tripartite nuclear declaration signed at the UN Climate Change Conference aims to triple global nuclear power capacity by 2050, contributing to net-zero emissions goals [2] Group 4: Technological Innovations in Nuclear Energy - Technological innovations are transforming the nuclear energy landscape, with multiple small modular reactor designs under development, expected to be operational by around 2030 [3] - The IEA estimates that global SMR capacity could reach 40 GW by 2050, with potential growth to 120 GW under supportive policies [3] - SMRs are attractive to commercial investors due to their smaller scale and shorter return on investment periods, facilitating broader private sector participation in the nuclear industry [3]