美国“对等关税”今日生效，多方反对

Core Points - The U.S. has implemented tariffs on multiple trade partners, with rates ranging from 10% to 41% [2][4] - Significant opposition from various countries has emerged, with many seeking to protect their interests against U.S. tariff policies [7][8] Tariff Implementation - The tariffs, effective from August 7, include high rates such as 40% for Laos and Myanmar, 39% for Switzerland, and 15% for several other countries including Israel and Japan [2][4] - Specific exemptions apply, such as for Brazilian products like aircraft and nuts, which will not face the increased tariffs [4] Economic Impact - The high tariffs are expected to severely impact export-driven industries, particularly in Switzerland and Italy, with Italy's GDP projected to decline by 0.2% due to increased tariffs on key sectors [5][8] - Japan's automotive sector is also feeling the strain, with a reported 20% drop in export prices since April [6] International Response - Countries like Brazil are actively seeking to challenge U.S. tariffs through the World Trade Organization, indicating a willingness to defend their trade rights [7] - There is a growing sentiment among nations to form tighter trade alliances in response to U.S. policies, with reports of the EU strengthening ties with countries like Canada and India [9] Geopolitical Considerations - The EU's trade negotiations with the U.S. are influenced by geopolitical security concerns, leading to perceived concessions that some member states view as a form of surrender [6][8] - Analysts suggest that the U.S. tariff strategy may ultimately harm its own economic interests and lead to increased isolation on the global stage [7][9]