极端高温影响全球 凸显改善早期预警系统和推动高温健康行动计划重要性

Core Insights - The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) highlights the increasing impact of extreme heat on global populations, exacerbated by wildfires and air pollution, emphasizing the need for improved early warning systems and health action plans related to heat [1][9] Group 1: Extreme Heat Events - Recent data indicates a rise in global heatwaves, with July 2025 recorded as the third hottest July ever, and average sea surface temperatures also at a record high [1] - In July, Sweden and Finland experienced prolonged temperatures above 30 degrees Celsius, while Southeast Europe faced heatwaves and wildfires [1] - Significant temperature anomalies were also reported in China and Japan during July [1] Group 2: Regional Temperature Extremes - Last week, parts of West Asia, Southern Central Asia, most of North Africa, Southern Pakistan, and the Southwestern United States recorded maximum temperatures exceeding 42 degrees Celsius, with some areas surpassing 45 degrees Celsius [3] - In specific regions of southwestern Iran and eastern Iraq, temperatures exceeded 50 degrees Celsius, leading to power and water supply disruptions and school closures [3] - Forecasts predict that heatwaves will continue to affect these regions in the coming week [3] Group 3: Consequences of Extreme Heat - The combination of extreme surface heat and cold air aloft may lead to extreme rainfall and devastating floods in high-altitude areas, impacting lives and infrastructure, and potentially causing landslides [5] - Extreme heat has also fueled destructive wildfires, with Cyprus, Greece, and Turkey experiencing significant wildfires that forced evacuations and resulted in fatalities [7] - In late July to early August, hundreds of wildfires in Canada worsened air quality across multiple provinces and northern U.S. states [7] Group 4: Initiatives and Collaborations - The WMO is committed to enhancing early warning systems related to heat and is collaborating with various partners to advance health action plans addressing heat-related issues [9]