特朗普终于如愿以偿？全球关税正式落地，美国国内一片哀嚎！中国这次也没能置身事外？

Core Points - The Trump administration's new tariff policy, effective from August 7, 2025, imposes "reciprocal tariffs" on over 60 countries, significantly disrupting global trade [1][3] - Tariff rates range from 10% to 41%, with specific high rates for countries like Syria and Myanmar, while traditional allies like Canada and Switzerland face tariffs between 35% and 39% [3] - The policy aims to protect U.S. industries and reduce the trade deficit, targeting key sectors such as semiconductors and pharmaceuticals [3][6] Impact on the U.S. Economy - The new tariffs are projected to increase household expenses by $2,100 to $3,800 annually, disproportionately affecting low-income families [5] - Companies like General Motors and Whirlpool have announced price hikes due to rising raw material costs, with small businesses facing profit reductions of 12% to 15% [5] - The core PCE price index rose by 4.2% year-on-year, raising concerns about potential inflation and the risk of "stagflation" [5] Reactions from Allies and Emerging Markets - Canada and Mexico are directly impacted, with Canada threatening "reciprocal countermeasures" against the tariffs [5] - The EU has signed a temporary agreement but still faces higher tariffs than the WTO's most-favored-nation treatment, leading to accusations of "economic bullying" [5] - Emerging markets are accelerating de-dollarization efforts, with countries like Brazil and India exploring alternative payment mechanisms to reduce reliance on the U.S. [5][9] China's Response and Challenges - Despite appearing to avoid the worst of the tariffs, China faces challenges, including increased costs for exports and a decline in trade volume with the U.S. [6][8] - Chinese companies are adapting by expanding overseas operations and optimizing supply chains to mitigate tariff impacts [8] - Long-term risks remain, as the U.S. continues to push for tariffs on critical sectors like semiconductors and pharmaceuticals, which could affect China's high-end manufacturing [8][10] Global Trade Dynamics - The new tariff policy signifies a shift from rule-based trade to power-based trade, undermining the WTO's dispute resolution mechanisms [9] - The U.S. may see short-term gains in revenue and job creation, but the long-term consequences include weakened international influence and increased tensions with allies [9][10] - The global trade landscape is evolving, with new trade agreements increasingly featuring exclusive tariff clauses, signaling a decline in multilateralism [9]