2025年中国半固态电池行业发展历程、相关政策梳理及产业链结构

Core Viewpoint - The semi-solid battery, a hybrid of solid and liquid lithium-ion batteries, is on the verge of mass production, offering enhanced safety and performance compared to traditional lithium batteries, while being a transitional technology towards fully solid-state batteries [2][5]. Group 1: Semi-Solid Battery Characteristics - Semi-solid batteries contain both solid and liquid electrolytes, with the liquid content ranging from 5% to 10%, providing advantages such as non-flammability, high-temperature resistance, and non-corrosiveness [2]. - Compared to traditional lithium batteries, semi-solid batteries exhibit superior performance, including better safety, higher energy density, longer cycle life, and wider operating temperature range [2][5]. Group 2: Industry Development Timeline - The semi-solid battery industry has evolved through several phases: the embryonic phase (1972-1999), the initiation phase (2000-2016), and the current rapid development phase (2017-present) [6]. - Key milestones include the first discovery of solid-state lithium-ion batteries in 1972, the introduction of commercial solid-state batteries in 2011, and the recent advancements in materials and production processes leading to imminent mass production [5][6]. Group 3: Market Demand and Growth - The demand for semi-solid batteries is expected to rise significantly due to the increasing popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) in China, with sales growing from 1.21 million units in 2019 to an estimated 5.9 million units in 2022, reflecting a nearly 300% increase [8]. - The semi-solid battery market is projected to expand as it serves as a key component in the growing EV and energy storage sectors [10]. Group 4: Policy Support and Industry Structure - The Chinese government has implemented various policies to support the development of the new energy sector, including initiatives to enhance battery technology and promote the integration of electric vehicles into the market [8]. - The semi-solid battery supply chain includes upstream raw materials, midstream battery manufacturers, and downstream applications in electric vehicles and energy storage [10].