网经社：《2025年平台经济“反内卷”分析报告》发布

Core Viewpoint - The platform economy is facing severe "involution" competition characterized by price wars and subsidy battles, which hinders healthy industry development and threatens long-term consumer interests [1] Group 1: Government Actions and Policies - The government has initiated multiple measures to address "involution" competition, including the introduction of the revised Anti-Unfair Competition Law, effective from October 15, 2025, which prohibits platforms from forcing merchants to sell below cost [2][3] - Key meetings and policies include the Central Political Bureau meeting in July 2024, which emphasized the need for industry self-discipline, and the Central Economic Work Conference in December 2024, which escalated the response to "involution" competition [2] Group 2: Characteristics of Involution Competition - Involution competition manifests in various forms across the platform economy, including price wars, subsidy battles, and severe homogeneity in business models [4][5] - The competition is driven by algorithmic manipulation, leading to market entry barriers and a closed ecosystem that favors established platforms [5][6] Group 3: Root Causes and Conflicts - The root causes of involution competition include market structure imbalance, capital-driven distortions, and regulatory lag [7][8] - Core conflicts arise from the tension between homogeneous competition and innovation incentives, as well as the disparity between capital profit motives and market fairness [7][9] Group 4: Multi-layered Impacts of Involution - Involution competition has negative effects on economic efficiency, social equity, and national economic security, leading to resource misallocation and erosion of tax bases [10][11] - The impact on platforms includes weakened profitability and innovation, while industries face supply chain disruptions and declining employment quality [10][11] Group 5: Transition from Involution to Value Creation - The platform economy must shift from zero-sum competition to value creation, focusing on technological innovation, cultural empowerment, and ecological collaboration [20][21] - Key strategies for this transition include optimizing ecological structures, innovating service models, and fostering equitable cooperation among stakeholders [20][21] Group 6: Legal Framework Challenges - The current legal framework faces significant limitations in addressing involution competition, particularly in areas like price dumping and algorithmic collusion [22][23] - Recommendations for improvement include refining platform-specific regulations, enhancing data governance, and optimizing enforcement mechanisms [23][24]