特朗普养老金新规或影响9000万美国人

Core Viewpoint - The recent executive order from President Trump allows alternative assets such as private equity, real estate, and cryptocurrencies to be included in 401(k) retirement savings plans, potentially opening up approximately $12.5 trillion in retirement accounts to higher-risk investments, which has been welcomed by Wall Street investment giants but criticized for the risks it poses to American retirees' savings [1][2]. Group 1: Impact on Retirement Savings - The 401(k) retirement savings plan, a crucial pillar of the U.S. pension system, has traditionally focused on lower-risk assets like stocks and bonds, but this new directive could reshape the financial future of 90 million Americans [1]. - Since 2007, the funds managed under the 401(k) plan have tripled, reaching several trillion dollars, indicating a significant growth potential that private capital groups are betting on with this policy change [2]. Group 2: Risks and Concerns - Experts warn that while the theoretical benefits include broader investment opportunities for ordinary Americans, the higher risks associated with private markets could lead to substantial losses in retirement savings [2][3]. - The lack of transparency and liquidity in private assets compared to traditional investments raises concerns, especially during market downturns when many investors may attempt to sell simultaneously [2]. - The fees associated with private equity investments are significantly higher than those for typical 401(k) investments, with management fees reaching 1% to 2% and performance fees up to 20%, which could further erode retirement savings [2].