从“亿元级”到“千亿级”：中国数据交易市场的十年飞跃

Core Insights - The data exchange market in China has rapidly evolved since 2015, with over 50 data trading institutions established by July 2025, and the trading scale projected to exceed 300 billion yuan by 2025 [2][4][19] - Data exchanges serve as a regulated marketplace for data, allowing for the standardized transformation of data products and facilitating compliance and quality assurance [3][5] - The market is characterized by a diverse range of participants, including government entities, data service providers, and large internet companies, with buyers spanning various industries such as finance, healthcare, and AI [5][6] Group 1: Market Development - The trading scale has grown from "billion-level" in 2015 to "trillion-level" by 2024, indicating significant growth in both quantity and quality of data transactions [2][19] - The market is expected to reach approximately 2.841 trillion yuan by 2025, with a compound annual growth rate of 46.5% from 2021 to 2025 [19][34] - The introduction of policies and frameworks, such as the "Data Element ×" three-year action plan, aims to enhance the coordination between on-site and off-site trading by 2026 [6][10] Group 2: Key Players and Institutions - Major data exchanges include Beijing International Data Exchange, Shanghai Data Exchange, Shenzhen Data Exchange, and Guizhou Data Exchange, which are leading the market [4][7][12][15] - By June 2025, Beijing International Data Exchange had achieved a trading scale of 2,250 TB, with an annual growth rate exceeding 200% [12] - Shanghai Data Exchange reported over 2,000 signed data merchants and a trading amount exceeding 50 billion yuan in 2024 [13] Group 3: Emerging Trends and Technologies - The data trading landscape is expanding into new fields such as AI model training, medical diagnostics, and scientific research, reflecting the increasing importance of data in driving technological and economic development [20][34] - The introduction of advanced technologies like blockchain and privacy computing is enhancing the security and traceability of data transactions [22][28] - Data assetization is becoming a significant trend, with projections indicating that the market for data assets will reach 8,278 billion yuan by 2030 [19][34] Group 4: Case Studies - Notable case studies include the successful assetization and financing of data by companies like BAIC New Energy and the implementation of the "U235" framework by Shanghai Data Exchange, which utilizes blockchain for transparency and efficiency [24][27] - Shenzhen Power Supply Bureau's data product for enterprise electricity behavior was successfully traded, showcasing the application of privacy computing in data transactions [31] - The collaboration between Southern Power Grid and a chemical group demonstrates the practical benefits of data trading in optimizing production and reducing costs [32]