西安奕材IPO：三年亏损超19亿，要融资49亿扩产

Core Viewpoint - Xi'an Yiswei Material Technology Co., Ltd. is preparing for its IPO on the Sci-Tech Innovation Board, focusing on the research, production, and sales of 12-inch silicon wafers, with applications in various semiconductor products and industries [1] Group 1: Company Overview - Xi'an Yiswei specializes in 12-inch silicon wafers used in NAND Flash, DRAM, and various logic chips, with end applications in smartphones, PCs, data centers, IoT, smart cars, and robotics [1] - The company has undergone multiple rounds of financing, with a total of 4.9 billion yuan raised for capacity expansion [3][7] - The actual controller holds approximately 25% of the company's shares, indicating a highly dispersed ownership structure [4][6] Group 2: Financial Performance - Revenue has shown steady growth over the past three years, reaching 2.12 billion yuan in 2022, with a year-on-year increase of 43.95% [16] - Despite revenue growth, the company has incurred losses exceeding 1.9 billion yuan over the last three years, with a net loss of 340 million yuan in the first half of 2024 [16][17] - The company has a high concentration of sales to its top five customers, accounting for 62.25% of total sales in 2024 [16][18] Group 3: Production and Capacity - The company plans to use the IPO proceeds to fund the second phase of its silicon industry base project, with a total investment of 12.544 billion yuan [8] - The production capacity has fluctuated significantly, with utilization rates of 81.71%, 72.92%, and 92.36% over the last three years [9] - The company aims to achieve a design capacity of 500,000 wafers per month by the end of 2026 [8] Group 4: Research and Development - R&D expenses have increased, reaching 259 million yuan in 2022, with a notable decline in the proportion of employee compensation [12][16] - The number of R&D personnel has grown, with non-full-time researchers exceeding full-time staff in recent years [14][15] Group 5: Financial Risks - Accounts receivable and inventory have significantly increased, with accounts receivable reaching 632 million yuan and inventory at 1.062 billion yuan in 2024 [22] - The company has faced substantial inventory write-downs, which have impacted profitability, with losses from inventory write-downs totaling 256 million yuan in 2024 [23][24] - The asset-liability ratio has risen to 51.13%, indicating increasing long-term debt pressure [24]