关税新政生效！特朗普欢呼：美国终于收割全球财富！

Core Viewpoint - The implementation of Trump's "midnight tariffs" is a contentious strategy that raises questions about its effectiveness as a political tool versus its potential to harm the U.S. economy and global supply chains [1][5][11]. Group 1: Economic Impact - The average U.S. import tariff has increased from 2.3% to 15.2%, indicating a significant rise in trade barriers [3]. - The U.S. government collected a record $113 billion in tariffs by June 2025, but analysts suggest that a substantial portion of this cost is borne by American companies themselves [3][5]. - Rising tariffs are expected to lead to increased consumer prices, causing concern among supermarket owners and importers about their ability to sustain operations [3][9]. Group 2: Industry Effects - Key industries affected by the tariffs include semiconductors, pharmaceuticals, automotive, steel, aluminum, copper, and timber, with semiconductors facing tariffs as high as 100% [3]. - The automotive and steel sectors are particularly hard-hit, raising questions about their ability to absorb the financial burden of increased tariffs [3][9]. - Major companies like Ford, Tesla, and Intel have reported disappointing financial results, suggesting that high tariffs may lead to broader challenges for U.S. businesses [9]. Group 3: Political and Global Reactions - Public sentiment is largely against the tariffs, with 62% of American voters opposing them, reflecting a growing discontent with the administration's economic policies [5]. - Switzerland has been significantly impacted, with tariffs on its exports to the U.S. rising from 31% to 39%, leading to diplomatic tensions [5]. - The potential for retaliatory measures from other countries raises concerns about a new wave of global trade conflicts, which could exacerbate economic instability [11]. Group 4: Long-term Considerations - The strategy of increasing tariffs may lead to a shift towards "de-dollarization" and localized supply chains, challenging the long-term viability of U.S. economic dominance [9]. - Historical precedents, such as the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of the 1930s, serve as a cautionary tale about the long-term consequences of protectionist policies [11]. - The effectiveness of tariffs in revitalizing U.S. manufacturing remains uncertain, as global supply chains are deeply entrenched and costly to disrupt [11].