东北证券：触觉传感器技术演化市场扩容 推荐关注晶华新材(603683.SH)

Core Insights - The humanoid robot industry is accelerating, leading to technological upgrades and market expansion for tactile sensors, which are core components [1] - By 2030, the market for humanoid robot electronic skin is expected to reach 15.5 billion, with the dexterous hand electronic skin market projected at around 5 billion [1][4] Group 1: Tactile Sensor Types - Tactile sensors are categorized into layered tactile sensors and magnetoelectric/visual tactile sensors [1] - Layered tactile sensors include piezoresistive, piezoelectric, and capacitive sensors, composed of sensitive layers, electrode layers, substrate layers, packaging layers, and adhesive layers [1] - The sensitive layer is made of materials that respond to force, while the substrate layer provides mechanical support and recovery capability [1] Group 2: Technology Evolution - Piezoresistive/piezoelectric sensors are cost-effective and mature, suitable for non-precision scenarios, while magnetoelectric and visual tactile sensors are designed for high-precision applications [2] - Magnetoelectric sensors can directly measure three-dimensional forces and moments but are complex and costly to produce [2] - Visual tactile sensors can perceive additional physical information like texture and temperature but require high computational power [2] Group 3: Competitive Barriers - Key components for tactile sensors include materials, algorithms, semiconductor-level fabrication processes, and customer channels [3] - The active layer material is crucial for sensor sensitivity, with common materials being carbon nanotubes and graphene combined with elastomers like PDMS [3] - Signal processing algorithms used in tactile sensors include dimensionality reduction, time-frequency analysis, and classification algorithms [3] Group 4: Market Potential - The market for humanoid robot electronic skin is projected to reach 15.5 billion by 2030, with the dexterous hand electronic skin market expected to be 5 billion [4] - As technology matures and costs decrease, the application range of electronic skin is anticipated to expand beyond fingertips to full hand coverage [4] - Currently, other body parts like arms, legs, and feet are not covered, but cost reductions may enhance the application scope [4]