感冒药大王“感冒”了！华润三九营收净利首现双降，押宝并购却成“拖油瓶”

Core Viewpoint - The company, China Resources Sanjiu, is facing significant challenges as its traditional revenue streams are stagnating, new business ventures are not performing well, and it is struggling to keep pace with competitors in a tightening regulatory environment [2][3]. Business Performance - In 2024, the company reported total sales of 276 billion yuan, but the growth rate is declining, indicating potential risks [3]. - The company's flagship products, which account for 45% of sales (approximately 125 billion yuan), have seen a decrease in growth from nearly 20% in 2023 to 14% in 2024, suggesting they are nearing market saturation [4]. - New products launched in 2024, such as vitamin D drops and probiotics, contributed less than 3% to revenue, indicating poor market reception [5]. Prescription and Over-the-Counter Drugs - The prescription drug segment, which was previously a strong revenue generator, has been negatively impacted by national price cuts, resulting in a gross margin decline of 4.6 percentage points in 2024 [5][10]. - The company’s retail business generated 33.7 billion yuan in 2024, but with a low gross margin of only 13.4%, highlighting inefficiencies in physical store operations [6]. Financial Metrics - In Q1 2025, the company reported revenue of 68.54 billion yuan, a year-on-year decline of 6.04%, and a net profit of 12.7 billion yuan, down 6.87% [8][10]. - Compared to competitors, the company is lagging, with its gross margin at 53.28%, significantly lower than peers like Dong-E E-Jiao at 73.62% [9][10]. Acquisition and Integration Challenges - The acquisition of Kunming Pharmaceutical Group has not yielded expected benefits, with its revenue growth at only 7.3% and a gross margin drop of 7.4 percentage points [6][11]. - The company faces high management integration costs post-acquisition, and the goodwill from acquisitions poses a risk of impairment, amounting to 51.24 billion yuan, which is 25.7% of the company's net assets [11]. Research and Development - The company has increased its R&D investment from 5.94 billion yuan in 2022 to 8.02 billion yuan in 2024, maintaining a 16.8% annual growth rate [12]. - However, the capitalized R&D ratio has dropped from 22.35% to 15.87%, indicating potential issues with project maturity and profitability [13]. - The R&D team has expanded significantly, but labor costs now account for 37.7% of R&D expenses, raising concerns about the efficiency of these investments [14].