退网、停更、失联：智联网产业发展二十年的隐忧

Core Insights - The Internet of Things (IoT) has evolved into the Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) over the past 20 years, with predictions indicating over 29 billion connected devices by 2030 [1] - A significant concern is the potential for these devices to become "digital islands" due to firmware termination, protocol failures, and expired certifications, leading to issues of maintenance and electronic waste [1][2] - The recent bankruptcy of Sigfox highlights the fragility of IoT infrastructure, as many devices become non-functional without proper support [2][3] - The transition from 2G/3G networks has shown the high costs associated with maintaining legacy systems, emphasizing the need for sustainable infrastructure [3] - The rise of electronic waste from AIoT devices poses environmental challenges, with projections of 5 million tons of e-waste generated from generative AI technologies by 2030 [4] Industry Challenges - The AIoT industry faces a critical need for sustainable infrastructure services, as many devices lack long-term maintenance plans, leading to premature obsolescence [5] - The closed ecosystems of many IoT solutions limit local operators' autonomy, creating a dependency on foreign technology and support [6] - The lack of standard protocols and cross-platform compatibility contributes to the maintenance blind spots for IoT devices [3][5] Solutions and Innovations - A sustainable IoT strategy should include lifecycle design principles, open standards, and cross-platform integration to enhance device longevity and reduce waste [6][5] - Innovative approaches, such as repurposing old smartphones as data centers, can help mitigate e-waste while lowering costs for IoT projects [7] - The focus should shift from merely increasing device connectivity to ensuring sustainable management throughout the device lifecycle [8]