世界上石油储备量最多的国家：就在中国家门口，主要靠进口

Core Insights - Oil plays a crucial role in modern society, being essential not only for transportation but also for various products like plastics and cosmetics. The increasing global demand for oil is met with limited resources, leading to supply pressures in the future [1][15] - To mitigate potential energy shortages, governments worldwide are taking measures to stockpile strategic oil reserves, which are artificially stored emergency stocks to address sudden supply disruptions [1] Japan's Oil Reserve System - Japan has established a robust national oil reserve system, which began in the 1970s in response to oil crises, mandating companies to maintain a minimum of 70 days' worth of oil supply [2][4] - By 2010, Japan's oil reserves reached 583 million barrels, sufficient for 224 days of national consumption, reflecting the country's commitment to energy security due to its lack of domestic oil resources [4][6] - Japan's oil reserve system is structured in three layers: national reserves, mandatory private reserves, and additional stocks, with the government managing these reserves through various funding mechanisms [10] Comparison with Other Countries - Japan's oil reserves are significantly higher than the average of IEA member countries, which can sustain 90 days of supply, with Japan's reserves exceeding this standard [6][8] - In contrast, the United States has the largest strategic oil reserve at 727 million barrels, but its reserves can only sustain approximately 60 days of usage due to high import levels [8] - Other countries like South Korea and Germany also maintain substantial reserves, with South Korea's reserves exceeding 160 days and Germany meeting the IEA's 90-day standard [13] Global Energy Landscape - The global demand for oil is expected to continue rising, with non-OPEC countries increasing supply, making reserves a critical component of energy security [13] - Despite the rise of alternative energy sources like electric vehicles and wind power, oil reserves remain essential for energy security in the short term [15]