上市公司2024年年度财务报告会计监管报告

Financial Reporting Overview - As of April 30, 2025, a total of 5,413 listed companies in the A-share market disclosed their 2024 annual financial reports, including 3,185 from the main board, 1,377 from the ChiNext board, 586 from the Sci-Tech Innovation board, and 265 from the Beijing Stock Exchange [1] - Among the companies that disclosed their reports on time, 192 received non-standard audit opinions, including 56 with unqualified opinions containing emphasis of matter, 35 with unqualified opinions containing going concern issues, 8 with both emphasis of matter and going concern issues, 72 with qualified opinions, and 21 with disclaimers of opinion [1] Revenue Recognition Issues - Some companies improperly used the time period method to recognize revenue and costs, leading to unreasonable recognition of revenue and costs during the reporting period [2][3] - Companies using pricing models linked to commodity indices incorrectly treated price fluctuations as variable consideration, failing to recognize revenue appropriately [4] - Certain companies did not properly account for sales rebates, leading to incorrect revenue recognition and liability classification [5] Long-term Equity Investments and Consolidation Issues - Companies incorrectly judged the scope of consolidated financial statements, failing to recognize control over subsidiaries due to protective rights in agreements [7][8] - Some companies improperly segmented subsidiaries for consolidation, failing to consider the overall control of the investment [8] - Companies made inappropriate adjustments to the consolidation scope, leading to inconsistent accounting treatment for the same equity transfer [9][10] Financial Instruments Recognition and Measurement Issues - Companies inadequately estimated expected credit losses, failing to group financial instruments based on credit risk characteristics [20][21] - Some companies incorrectly classified financial liabilities and equity instruments, leading to misstatements in financial reporting [22] - Companies failed to recognize financial liabilities related to the purchase of minority interests in a timely manner [23][24] Asset Impairment Issues - Companies did not appropriately recognize inventory impairment, particularly for customized products delivered but not yet accepted by customers [27] - Some companies failed to distinguish between prepaid accounts and other receivables, leading to improper impairment recognition [28] - Companies inadequately measured the recoverable amount of assets, using inappropriate valuation methods [29] Other Recognition and Measurement Issues - Companies improperly accounted for research and development expenses related to customized products, leading to potential misclassification [31][32] - Some companies incorrectly treated fixed asset repair costs, misclassifying them as operating expenses instead of capitalizing them [33] - Companies failed to appropriately recognize and measure construction in progress, leading to inaccuracies in financial reporting [34]