经济导航|经济学家解读2025上半年中国经济关键词

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes that under the strong leadership of the central government, China's economy has shown resilience and vitality, achieving a GDP growth of 5.3% in the first half of the year, positioning it as a leader among major economies [2][4]. Economic Performance - China's GDP grew by 5.3% year-on-year in the first half of the year, maintaining a leading position among major economies [2]. - The retail sales of consumer goods increased by 5.0% year-on-year, indicating a recovery in domestic consumption [5]. - Exports rose by 7.2% year-on-year, with high-end equipment exports growing by over 20% [5]. Policy Measures - The government has implemented more proactive fiscal policies and moderately loose monetary policies to stabilize the economy [4]. - Policies such as consumption incentives and infrastructure investment have been introduced to stimulate effective demand [5]. Technological Innovation - The manufacturing sector has seen significant growth, with the added value of equipment manufacturing increasing by 10.2% and high-tech manufacturing by 9.5% [8]. - R&D expenditure accounted for nearly 2.7% of GDP, surpassing the EU average [5]. Domestic Market Dynamics - The domestic market is characterized by its vast scale and potential, with consumption in lower-tier cities showing significant growth [12]. - The contribution of domestic demand to GDP growth was 68.8%, highlighting the importance of the domestic market [18]. Trade and External Relations - China's foreign trade has remained robust, with imports and exports exceeding 10 trillion yuan for nine consecutive quarters [14]. - Trade with countries involved in the Belt and Road Initiative accounted for 51.8% of total trade, diversifying market risks [14]. Corporate Environment - The number of business entities in China exceeded 1.91 million, with a notable increase in new business registrations [23]. - Enterprises are increasingly focusing on innovation and adapting to market demands, with a rise in exports from private and foreign enterprises [25]. Social Welfare and Economic Growth - The government has prioritized social welfare, with significant increases in spending on social security, education, and healthcare [29]. - The per capita disposable income of residents grew by 5.4% year-on-year, contributing to improved consumer confidence and spending [30].