美印贸易战白热化！莫迪下令全国推“印度制造”，年底芯片上市？

Core Insights - The Indian government, led by Prime Minister Modi, is implementing a series of economic policies to achieve self-sufficiency through the "Make in India" initiative in response to high tariffs imposed by the U.S. on Indian goods [1][4][11] Group 1: Economic Policies - Modi announced significant reductions in the Goods and Services Tax (GST) starting from October, simplifying the tax structure and providing relief on essential goods [4] - The government is pushing for the localization of key products, including fertilizers and electric vehicle batteries, and aims to launch domestic semiconductor chips by the end of the year [5][9] - Modi emphasized the protection of farmers' interests, indicating a strong focus on agricultural policies following previous reforms that faced backlash [6] Group 2: Trade Relations and Market Response - The U.S. has imposed additional tariffs of 25% on Indian exports, affecting approximately $87 billion in trade, particularly impacting labor-intensive sectors like textiles and jewelry [3] - There is a growing anti-American sentiment among the Indian public, leading to calls for boycotts of U.S. brands, which could affect their market presence in India [8] - The breakdown of U.S.-India trade negotiations has highlighted significant differences, particularly regarding agricultural market access and oil imports from Russia [3] Group 3: Strategic Shifts and Challenges - The crisis triggered by U.S. tariffs is accelerating deep structural changes in the Indian economy, with a focus on transitioning from low-end to high-end manufacturing [11] - Despite rapid policy responses, challenges remain, including limited domestic market capacity and the need for time to fully replace lost exports to the U.S. [9][11] - India's demographic advantages, such as a young population and a growing digital economy, could position it favorably in the global supply chain if reforms are successfully implemented [11]