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美国扩大对钢铁和铝进口征收50%关税的范围 对黑色商品影响几何?
Qi Huo Ri Bao·2025-08-17 23:43

Core Viewpoint - The Trump administration has expanded the scope of tariffs on steel and aluminum imports to include hundreds of derivative products, with a 50% tariff set to take effect on August 18, 2023 [1] Group 1: Tariff Details - The U.S. Department of Commerce announced the addition of 407 product codes to the Harmonized Tariff Schedule, which will incur extra tariffs due to their steel and aluminum content [1] - The expanded tariff list primarily includes intermediate and semi-finished products containing steel and aluminum, as well as metal structures, containers, and fasteners made from these materials [1] Group 2: Impact on China’s Steel Exports - In 2024, China's steel export volume is projected to be 111 million tons, with only 470,000 tons directly exported to the U.S., accounting for 0.4% of total exports [2] - The direct impact of the tariff policy on China's steel exports is minimal, but indirect exports may be affected due to a high proportion of steel being routed through third countries [2] - China's steel exports to Vietnam, a significant intermediary for U.S. exports, are expected to decline, with an estimated impact on transshipment trade of around 3 million tons annually [2] Group 3: Broader Industry Implications - The tariff policy may lead to a decrease in China's steel exports, negatively affecting related products such as steel billets and plates [3] - Industries heavily reliant on steel, such as construction machinery, home appliances, and new energy vehicles, may experience noticeable export impacts due to their high demand for steel, particularly plates [3] - An estimated 14.5 million tons of steel may be indirectly exported to the U.S. through steel derivatives in 2024 [3] Group 4: Market Reactions - The futures market may react negatively to the tariff policy, with expectations of weakened demand and increased inventory levels in the steel market [4] - The price difference between rebar and wire rod has widened significantly, indicating potential market volatility due to the tariff impacts [4] - Despite the tariff policy, domestic macroeconomic and industrial policies are expected to have a more significant influence on the futures market, with a continued upward trend anticipated in the steel and coal industries [4]