全球多地遭遇极端高温天气 世界气象组织呼吁加强灾害早期预警能力建设

Group 1 - The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) reported that July 2023 was the third hottest July on record globally, following 2024 and 2023 [1] - The average global sea surface temperature in July 2023 was the third highest for the same period, with Arctic sea ice coverage nearing historical lows [1] - The extreme heat and drought conditions have led to significant challenges for public health, infrastructure, and ecosystems, particularly in Europe [1] Group 2 - Europe is facing severe climate challenges this summer, with extreme heatwaves and widespread wildfires putting pressure on public health systems and infrastructure [2] - In France, wildfires have burned approximately 16,000 hectares of forest, marking one of the most significant wildfires since 1949 [2] - Spain has also experienced frequent wildfires, prompting military and emergency services to assist in firefighting efforts [2] Group 3 - North America is similarly affected by wildfires and high temperatures, with hundreds of wildfires in Canada impacting air quality across multiple provinces and into the northern United States [2] - Japan recorded extreme temperatures of 41.8 degrees Celsius, breaking national records, while South Korea issued heatwave warnings [2] - In parts of the Middle East and Central Asia, temperatures exceeded 42 degrees Celsius, with some areas surpassing 50 degrees Celsius, leading to power outages and water supply issues [2] Group 4 - The WMO highlighted the potential for extreme heat to trigger severe rainfall and secondary disasters such as landslides, posing long-term risks to life and infrastructure [3] - The organization emphasized the need for improved early warning systems and public health response plans to address the increasing climate risks [3] - An estimated 100,000 lives could be saved annually if a heat health warning system is implemented in 57 countries [3] Group 5 - The joint office of the World Health Organization and WMO stated that extreme heat is now a daily reality for millions, requiring urgent global attention as a public health emergency [4] - There is a call for increased policy support and action from the international community to address the significant public health implications of climate change [4]