欧美贸易协议细节公布，欧盟又要接“硬茬”？

Group 1 - The EU and the US have reached a new trade agreement, with the US imposing a 15% tariff on most EU goods, while the EU will eliminate tariffs on all US industrial products and provide preferential market access for US seafood and agricultural products [1][2] - The agreement has sparked controversy within the EU, with some officials claiming it favors the US, despite the EU's significant exports in automobiles, pharmaceuticals, and semiconductors to the US [1][2][3] - The agreement includes provisions for the EU to lower non-tariff barriers, particularly in agriculture and environmental standards, which have previously restricted US products from entering the EU market [3][4] Group 2 - The agreement does not cover key sectors such as wine and spirits, which are important to EU countries like Italy and France, indicating that further negotiations will be necessary [4][5] - The EU plans to purchase $750 billion worth of US liquefied natural gas, oil, and nuclear products by 2028, but price negotiations remain unresolved [4][5] - The EU's commitment to invest $600 billion in US strategic sectors by 2028 may face challenges, as the US aims to bring manufacturing back home, which could lead to a slow return on investment for EU companies [6][7] Group 3 - The eurozone has shown resilience against the initial tariff impacts, with GDP growth of 1.4% year-on-year in Q2, and a PMI reading of 51.1, indicating economic expansion [6][7] - However, the long-term effects of the tariffs may reduce the EU's trade surplus with the US, which could hinder economic recovery as exports are crucial for growth [8][9] - The EU may implement internal protective measures, including subsidies for industries and consumers, to mitigate the impact of the tariffs, but the structural challenges in European manufacturing remain significant [9]