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特朗普掌控美联储的“三步法”:换掉鲍威尔、掌控理事会、开掉地方联储主席
Hua Er Jie Jian Wen·2025-08-25 00:41

Core Viewpoint - The pressure from Trump on the Federal Reserve has intensified during the Jackson Hole global central bank conference, highlighting the challenging outlook for the world's most important central bank [1][2]. Group 1: Pressure on the Federal Reserve - Trump's pressure has shifted from primarily targeting Fed Chair Powell to directly threatening Fed Board member Lisa Cook, indicating a more aggressive stance [2]. - Trump has publicly stated that he would fire Cook if she does not resign over mortgage fraud allegations, showcasing a direct challenge to the Fed's independence [2][3]. - The atmosphere at the conference was tense, with increased security measures in place, reflecting the heightened stakes of the ongoing political pressure on the Fed [1]. Group 2: Potential Changes in Fed Structure - Trump has appointed two members to the seven-member Fed Board, and if he secures two more nominations, he could gain a majority, fundamentally reshaping the Fed's structure [2][3]. - A significant goal for Trump could be to weaken the 12 regional Federal Reserve Banks by potentially refusing to reappoint their presidents, which would break a long-standing precedent and undermine the Fed's independence established since its inception in 1913 [3][4]. - The regional Fed presidents are selected by local committees, and their terms coincide with the Fed Board's decisions, making this a critical area for potential influence [3]. Group 3: Historical Context and Implications - Historical lessons from the 1970s indicate that political pressure on the Fed can lead to policy mistakes, resulting in severe economic consequences such as stagflation [4]. - If investors lose confidence in the Fed's ability to make data-driven decisions free from political influence, it could erode the financial markets' historical rewards for central bank independence, such as lower borrowing costs and stable currency value [4].