国家能源局：能源体制改革进入快车道

Core Insights - The article highlights the significant progress made in China's energy sector since the implementation of the "14th Five-Year Plan," focusing on market-oriented reforms that enhance the vitality and dynamism of the energy market [1][2][3]. Group 1: Energy Price Mechanism - The energy price formation mechanism has been rapidly improved, with coal, new energy, and other sources entering the market, allowing most electricity prices to be determined by market competition [1]. - The pricing for all users, except residential and agricultural electricity, has become fully market-oriented, transforming electricity into a freely tradable commodity [1]. Group 2: Energy Market System - A multi-layered, multi-category, and multi-functional national unified electricity market system has been established, covering medium to long-term and ancillary service market transactions [1][3]. - The spot market is being rapidly rolled out across the country, with seven regions already operational, creating the world's largest "electricity supermarket" [1][3]. Group 3: Innovation in Energy Industry - The National Energy Administration has strengthened top-level design and increased policy supply to promote new business entities, virtual power plants, and green electricity connections [2]. - The total scale of virtual power plants has exceeded 35 million kilowatts, equivalent to the installed capacity of one and a half Three Gorges power stations [2]. Group 4: National Unified Electricity Market - The construction of a national unified electricity market has made substantial progress, establishing a diverse and functional market structure [3]. - A comprehensive "1+6" basic rule system has been developed to address previous fragmentation and regional barriers, ensuring transparency and fair competition in the market [3]. Group 5: Market Scale and Participation - The trading volume of electricity in the market has increased from 10.7 trillion kilowatt-hours during the "13th Five-Year Plan" to 23.8 trillion kilowatt-hours, more than doubling [4]. - A diverse market structure has emerged, with various stakeholders, including coal, new energy, gas, nuclear, and hydropower actively participating [4].