全球战略视野｜魏建国：破局关税挑战的四大核心方略

Core Viewpoint - The article presents a systematic response framework to the current US-China tariff conflict, emphasizing strategic adjustments in trade, domestic consumption, and the role of private enterprises in global markets. Group 1: Precise Countermeasures and Resilience Building - The "less loss is a win" countermeasure logic suggests a targeted response to US unilateral tariff policies, focusing on key areas that threaten national core interests through tiered tariffs and industry countermeasures [3] - China's trade structure has strategically adjusted, with exports to the US decreasing from 19.2% in 2018 to 14.7% in 2024, while exports to Belt and Road countries increased from 38.7% to 47.8%, and ASEAN market share rose to 16.4% [4] Group 2: Domestic Demand Revitalization and Consumption Upgrade - The strategy aims to leverage the consumption potential of 1.4 billion people, making domestic demand a cornerstone of the economy by optimizing income distribution and establishing a unified national market [5] - New consumption scenarios are being developed, promoting the integration of online and offline ecosystems, with online retail expected to exceed 35% by 2024, serving as a key buffer against foreign trade fluctuations [6] Group 3: Support for Private Enterprises and Globalization Breakthrough - The share of private enterprises in foreign trade is increasing from 55% to 60%, focusing on market diversification by shifting production capacity to Southeast Asia and Central and Eastern Europe, thereby reducing reliance on single markets [7] - Innovative models for going global are exemplified by the collaboration between Great Wall Motors and FF, which utilized technology licensing and localization to overcome a 147.5% tariff barrier, launching the "Chinese-American hybrid" model FX Super One with over 10,000 orders on the first day [8] Group 4: Release of Institutional Opening Dividends - The gradual reduction of the negative list for foreign investment and pilot testing in free trade zones are part of a strategy to balance openness and stability [9] - Efforts to enhance global governance and dialogue include aligning with high-standard agreements like CPTPP and DEPA, and establishing a new trade rule system through the Belt and Road Initiative to strengthen international rule-making authority [10][11]