最难移植的器官：中国完成首例猪肺人体移植

Core Points - The first successful transplantation of a genetically modified pig lung into a human has been reported, marking a significant advancement in xenotransplantation [1] - The procedure involved a 39-year-old brain-dead patient, with the transplanted lung surviving for 9 days [1] - Researchers believe that this operation indicates the potential for nearly any pig organ to be transplanted into humans, aiming to save thousands of lives each year [1] Group 1: Transplant Details - The left lung was sourced from a pig that underwent six genetic modifications to reduce immune response activation risks [2] - Three genes were knocked out to lower the risk of organ rejection, while three human genes were inserted to prevent rejection [2] - The transplantation was performed at Guangzhou Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, with results published in Nature Medicine [2] Group 2: Post-Transplant Observations - No signs of rejection, infection, or transplant failure were observed in the first three days post-surgery [2] - However, lung swelling and tissue damage due to temporary hypoxia were noted within 24 hours, with antibody attacks causing damage on days three and six [2] - By day nine, lung damage showed signs of improvement before the study was concluded at the request of the patient's family [2] Group 3: Future Directions - Experts suggest that the next step is to conduct small-scale clinical trials for xenogeneic lung transplants, particularly for patients with end-stage lung disease [2] - It is noted that organ preservation techniques could be further improved, potentially reducing damage risks through genetic modifications [3]