“金山银山”是这样炼成的（解码“绿水青山就是金山银山”③）

Core Viewpoint - China has explored three pathways to transform ecological wealth into economic wealth: "Protecting Green for Gold," "Gathering Green for Gold," and "Borrowing Green for Gold" [2][4]. Group 1: Protecting Green for Gold - This pathway emphasizes ecological protection as a prerequisite for obtaining economic returns through mechanisms like ecological compensation and transfer payments. The transformation model corresponds to the ecological compensation model [2]. - A notable case is the ecological compensation mechanism in Hainan's Qitian Reservoir, where a funding pool of 600 million yuan was established, resulting in significant compensation for ecological protection efforts [2]. Group 2: Gathering Green for Gold - This approach focuses on converting ecological advantages into industrial advantages, exemplified by the development of the wine industry in Ningxia, which produces 140 million bottles of wine annually with a total output value of 45 billion yuan [3]. - The green industry cluster effect is increasingly evident, as seen in Jiangsu's Yancheng, which has developed a major offshore wind power industry cluster, accounting for 40% of the national capacity for complete machines and 20% for blades [3]. Group 3: Borrowing Green for Gold - This pathway involves innovative mechanisms for realizing the value of ecological products, such as the "Forest Ecological Bank" in Nanping, Fujian, where farmers can deposit forestry resources, turning them into assets and capital [3]. - The carbon trading market is emerging as a new channel for "Borrowing Green for Gold," with significant transaction volumes and values reported in both mandatory and voluntary carbon markets [4].