天津宣言全票通过！美国关税大棒下，印度转身拥抱上合组织并签字

Core Points - The 2025 Tianjin Summit marked a significant shift in India's foreign policy, with Prime Minister Modi fully endorsing the "Tianjin Declaration," indicating a major diplomatic adjustment driven by complex international dynamics and economic interests [3][4] - The backdrop of this shift includes India's previous reluctance to engage with the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and recent tensions with Pakistan, which were exacerbated by the U.S. imposing high tariffs on Indian goods [4][6] Group 1: Diplomatic Shift - Modi's government underwent a 180-degree turn in its diplomatic stance, moving from a position of isolation to active engagement with the SCO [3][4] - The U.S. imposed a 50% tariff on Indian goods, leading to a significant economic downturn for India, with GDP growth plummeting to 4.8% [6] - India's perception of U.S. tariffs as "unilateral bullying" prompted a strong internal response, including Modi's refusal to engage with Trump [6] Group 2: Economic Opportunities - The Tianjin Summit resulted in the signing of 10 cooperation agreements between China and India, including the establishment of a military communication channel to address border issues [8] - The reopening of previously closed border markets led to a trading volume exceeding 3.8 million RMB on the first day [8] - The inclusion of Indian companies in China's rare earth export list is crucial for India's defense and industrial sectors, given its 70% reliance on Chinese imports for rare earth materials [8] Group 3: The Tianjin Declaration - The "Tianjin Declaration" opposes Western unilateralism and condemns military actions against Iran, aligning with India's international stance [9][11] - The declaration proposes the establishment of the SCO Development Bank and emphasizes military cooperation and digital economic innovation, providing India with a platform to reduce dependence on Western financial institutions [11] - The declaration's historical references are seen as a diplomatic blow to Japan, highlighting India's stance on World War II narratives [14] Group 4: Media Interpretation - Indian media displayed a tendency for self-interpretation regarding the declaration's commitment to combating terrorism, despite the absence of specific references to recent attacks [15] - The portrayal of interactions between Modi and Pakistani Prime Minister Sharif was exaggerated by Indian media to emphasize regional tensions [16]