监管铁幕落下又升起，谁能掌握“稳定币”的话语权？

Group 1: Overview of Stablecoins - Stablecoins are blockchain-based digital currencies that maintain a stable value, typically pegged to the US dollar at a 1:1 ratio, aimed at facilitating daily transactions [2][4] - The largest stablecoin by market share is USDT (Tether), while USDC is another prominent stablecoin issued by Circle and Coinbase [2] - The appeal of stablecoins lies in their price stability compared to volatile cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, providing users with predictability in value [4] Group 2: Market Developments - Circle's stock surged 750% following its NYSE listing in June, and the US government has recognized stablecoins as legitimate financial instruments through the signing of the "Genius Act" [1][14] - Hong Kong has taken the lead in regulating stablecoins with the introduction of the "Stablecoin Ordinance," prompting major companies like Ant Group and JD.com to explore the stablecoin market [1][9] - The global trend shows increasing adoption of stablecoins in countries facing currency devaluation, such as Argentina and Venezuela, where stablecoins are used for domestic transactions [8] Group 3: Regulatory Landscape - The "Genius Act" in the US establishes a legal framework for stablecoin issuance, requiring that only licensed financial institutions can issue stablecoins and mandating a 100% reserve requirement [15] - In contrast, Hong Kong's regulatory approach emphasizes functional regulation, allowing stablecoins to be pegged to multiple currencies, potentially facilitating the internationalization of the Renminbi [17] - The regulatory environment for stablecoins is evolving, with significant scrutiny on their use in illicit activities, leading to a complex landscape of compliance and innovation [11][17] Group 4: Technological and Economic Implications - Stablecoins enable efficient and low-cost transactions, operating 24/7 and significantly reducing friction in cross-border payments compared to traditional banking systems [6] - The integration of stablecoins with real-world assets (RWA) is becoming more prevalent, as seen in recent cross-border financing projects involving renewable energy assets [10] - The potential for stablecoins to create a Web 3.0 version of the Bretton Woods system is being explored, highlighting their role in reshaping global financial dynamics [8]