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Core Insights - Saudi Arabia, under Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, is actively seeking economic diversification away from oil dependency, focusing on nuclear energy and other emerging sectors [1][10] - The negotiations between Saudi Arabia and the United States regarding nuclear energy cooperation have drawn significant attention, particularly due to the U.S. insistence on maintaining the dollar as the currency for oil trade settlements [1][3] - Saudi Arabia is considering collaboration with China in nuclear energy, indicating a strategic shift in its international partnerships [5][10] Summary by Sections Saudi Arabia's Strategic Shift - Saudi Arabia aims to diversify its economy and reduce reliance on oil, with a particular focus on nuclear energy development [1][10] - The country has been in discussions with the U.S. for several years regarding nuclear technology, but has faced stringent conditions that it finds unacceptable [3][5] U.S.-Saudi Negotiations - The U.S. has proposed five additional conditions for nuclear cooperation, including a ban on uranium enrichment and maintaining the dollar for oil transactions, which Saudi Arabia views as an attempt to preserve U.S. hegemony [3][5] - Following the 2023 BRICS summit, Saudi Arabia signaled its openness to invite Chinese companies for nuclear power plant construction [3][5] China's Role and Response - China has expressed a clear stance on the matter, emphasizing the importance of mutual benefit and respect for sovereign choices in development [8][12] - The signing of a nuclear cooperation memorandum between Saudi Arabia and China marks a significant step forward in their collaboration [8][12] Future Developments - By 2025, Saudi Arabia's nuclear energy plans are expected to make significant progress, with a focus on uranium enrichment and establishing a comprehensive nuclear energy framework [6][10] - The shift towards using the yuan for oil transactions is becoming increasingly evident, with over 40% of oil exports to China expected to be settled in yuan by March 2025 [6][10] Geopolitical Implications - The evolving international landscape is witnessing a decline in U.S. influence, creating opportunities for China to engage more deeply in the Middle East energy transition [12] - Saudi Arabia's balancing act between the U.S. and China reflects a broader trend of regional powers gaining strategic leverage amid changing global dynamics [12]