三位药店人讲述：从疯狂开店到加速关门，药店数量将再减少三分之一

Core Insights - The rapid growth of China's chain pharmacy industry over the past 15 years is now showing signs of slowdown, with a notable decline in the number of retail pharmacies for the first time in history [1][2][10] - The industry is transitioning from a phase of aggressive expansion to one of contraction, with many companies halting their growth plans and closing stores [1][2][3][10] Industry Overview - As of the end of 2024, the total number of pharmacies in China exceeded 680,000, with a density of 4.6 pharmacies per 10,000 people, significantly higher than in Japan and the United States [1] - In 2024, approximately 39,000 retail pharmacies closed, marking the first negative growth phase for the industry [1][2] - The first quarter of 2025 saw a net decrease of about 3,000 pharmacies [1][2] Company Strategies - Companies like 老百姓 (Lao Bai Xing) have indicated a shift in strategy, focusing on franchise store openings while reducing direct store numbers [1] - The management of 老百姓 plans to open 1,000 new stores in 2025, primarily through franchising, with a focus on converting existing stores to franchises [1] Market Dynamics - The industry previously experienced a bubble due to high acquisition costs driven by capital influx, leading to unsustainable growth [2][3] - The current market environment has shifted, with companies no longer pursuing aggressive expansion due to the realization that scale alone is insufficient for success [2][3][10] Financial Performance - The profit margins for leading companies have significantly declined, with some reporting net profit margins as low as 1% to 3% [8] - The financial strain is exacerbated by competition from online platforms, which often sell products at prices below cost, impacting the profitability of physical stores [6][7] Future Outlook - Industry experts predict that the number of pharmacies may decrease to around 400,000 over the next three to five years, as many continue to close due to unsustainable business models [7][8] - The industry is expected to enter a new phase of structural growth, moving away from the previous model of broad-based expansion [10]