近600名经济学家联名声援！被特朗普“裁员”的美联储理事已提起诉讼

Core Viewpoint - The independence of the Federal Reserve is under severe threat as President Trump attempts to exert political pressure, including efforts to dismiss board member Lisa Cook, which has prompted a significant response from the economic community [1][6][7]. Group 1: Economic Impact of Tariffs - The Federal Reserve's latest Beige Book report indicates that all 12 Federal Reserve districts experienced price increases related to tariffs from mid-July to the end of August [5]. - Many regions reported that tariffs have significantly impacted input prices for businesses, with some companies passing all cost increases onto consumers [5]. - Due to rising economic uncertainty and increased tariff rates, many households' wage growth has not kept pace with rising prices, leading to stagnant or declining consumer spending across all Federal Reserve districts [5]. Group 2: Political Pressure on the Federal Reserve - Nearly 600 economists, including Nobel laureates, signed an open letter warning that actions against Cook could undermine the credibility of the Federal Reserve, emphasizing the importance of protecting its independence from political influence [6][7]. - President Trump has unilaterally claimed that Cook has been dismissed, but Cook and her legal team argue that he lacks the legal authority to remove her, leading to a lawsuit that may reach the Supreme Court [7][8]. Group 3: New Appointments and Controversies - Amid the turmoil surrounding Cook's position, reports indicate that the Trump administration is seeking to appoint new candidates to the Federal Reserve, raising concerns about the potential erosion of the central bank's independence [10]. - Stephen Moore, a candidate nominated by Trump, is set to face a Senate Banking Committee hearing, where he aims to reassure that he values the independence of the central bank [12]. - Polls show that 59% of Americans believe the Federal Reserve should remain independent from presidential influence, highlighting public concern over the administration's attempts to reshape the central bank [13].