进口激增，美国贸易逆差扩大至四个月来最大

Core Insights - The U.S. trade deficit in July surged to a four-month high, primarily due to businesses stockpiling goods and raw materials ahead of new tariffs announced by President Trump [1][3] - The trade deficit expanded nearly 33% from the previous month to $78.3 billion, slightly above economists' median forecast of $78 billion [1][3] Group 1: Import and Export Data - July imports increased by 5.9%, marking the largest rise since the beginning of the year, while exports saw a slight uptick [3][4] - The surge in imports reflects U.S. companies' urgency to stockpile goods before the implementation of "reciprocal tariff rates" on countries without trade agreements with the U.S. [3][4] Group 2: Specific Import Trends - The increase in imports was broad-based, with industrial goods reaching a four-month high and consumer goods also rising [4] - Capital equipment imports, excluding automobiles, recorded the largest increase since the beginning of the year [4] - A significant rise in non-monetary gold imports contributed to the surge in industrial goods imports [4] Group 3: Trade Deficit with Major Partners - The trade deficit with major partners generally widened, with the deficit with China expanding for the first time in six months [4] - The deficit with Mexico slightly increased, while the deficit with Canada also grew after hitting a low in June [4] - Adjusted for inflation, the goods trade deficit expanded to $100.1 billion in July, following a record high earlier in the year [4]