美欧达成贸易框架协议 为啥欧洲汽车业“输惨了”？

Group 1 - The US and EU reached a bilateral trade framework agreement after weeks of negotiations, involving a 15% tariff on most EU imports, including automobiles, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, and timber [2] - The EU committed to eliminating tariffs on all US industrial goods and providing preferential market access for a wide range of US seafood and agricultural products [2] - The EU plans to purchase $750 billion worth of US liquefied natural gas, oil, and nuclear products by 2028, along with $40 billion in US AI chips, and significantly increase defense equipment purchases from the US [2] Group 2 - The agreement reduces the tariff on EU automotive exports to the US from 27.5% to 15%, but this change will not take effect until the EU removes its tariffs on US industrial goods [3] - The US and EU did not reach an agreement on reducing steel and aluminum tariffs, which are closely related to the automotive industry [3] - The automotive sector is a crucial pillar of the EU economy, valued at nearly €1 trillion, accounting for about 7% of the EU's GDP, and employing over 13 million people [4] Group 3 - The automotive industry in Europe has faced significant profit declines due to tariffs, with major companies like Volkswagen and Mercedes-Benz reporting substantial drops in net profits [4] - The European Automobile Manufacturers Association expressed concerns that even a 15% tariff is still excessively high compared to the previous 2.5% tariff before April 3 [4] - The agreement's "mutual recognition of standards" could lead to a potential downgrade of European automotive safety standards, raising concerns about road safety [6][7] Group 4 - The mutual recognition of automotive standards may allow US vehicles to enter the EU market without meeting stringent EU regulations, potentially compromising safety [6] - The shift in standards could weaken the EU's competitive advantage in key areas like smart and connected vehicles, as it may have to align with US standards [7] - The trade agreement may exacerbate the trend of manufacturing relocation from Europe to the US, particularly in the automotive sector, due to high energy costs and competitive pressures [8][9]