全国碳市场建设迈入新阶段

Core Viewpoint - The issuance of the "Opinions on Promoting Green and Low-Carbon Transition and Strengthening National Carbon Market Construction" marks the first central document in China's carbon market sector, aiming to provide a more comprehensive institutional guarantee and stronger capability support for the national carbon market construction [1][2]. Summary by Relevant Sections National Carbon Market Development - The national carbon market consists of a mandatory carbon emissions trading market and a voluntary carbon emissions trading market, which operate independently but are interconnected through a quota clearing mechanism [2]. - As of August 22, 2023, the mandatory carbon market has seen a cumulative transaction volume exceeding 680 million tons, with a transaction value of 47.41 billion yuan, while the voluntary market has recorded 2.49 million tons of certified voluntary emission reductions, amounting to 210 million yuan [2]. Timeline and Roadmap - The "Opinions" outline a timeline for the national carbon market's development, aiming to cover major industrial sectors by 2027 and achieve full coverage in key areas by 2030 [3]. - The mandatory carbon market will expand to include major industrial sectors, while the voluntary market will broaden its scope to include biomass utilization and solid waste treatment [3]. Quota Management System - A clear and transparent carbon emissions quota management system is essential for the healthy operation of the national carbon trading market [4]. - The quota distribution system will balance emission reduction targets with economic costs and industry differences, with a gradual shift towards total quota control by 2027 [5]. Development of Voluntary Carbon Market - The government aims to accelerate the development of the voluntary carbon market by focusing on key areas and technologies related to carbon neutrality [6]. - Strengthening market regulation and ensuring accurate carbon emission data are critical for the success of the carbon market [6]. Systematic Improvement - The construction of the national carbon market is a complex system engineering task that requires a problem-oriented and goal-oriented approach [7]. - The government will enhance the reliability of data and inclusivity of industries within the carbon market [7]. Implementation Strategies - The implementation of the "Opinions" will focus on expanding the coverage of the mandatory carbon market and developing the voluntary market with a robust methodological framework [8]. - Financial institutions will be encouraged to develop green financial products related to carbon emissions, such as carbon pledges and carbon repurchase agreements, to enhance market liquidity and reduce financing costs [8]. Management Enhancement - Strict regulations on carbon emissions verification and improved technical standards for key industries will be enforced [9]. - The government will strengthen the entire process of carbon emissions data quality supervision and combat fraudulent activities [9].