特朗普给芯片企业‘下通牒’？加税逼建厂，全球科技要变天？

Core Viewpoint - The recent tariff policy announced by Trump aims to pressure semiconductor companies to establish manufacturing in the U.S., but it may disrupt the entire semiconductor supply chain and lead to increased costs for consumers and businesses [1][3][5] Group 1: Tariff Policy Impact - Trump's announcement of tariffs on semiconductor companies not building factories in the U.S. is a significant move to reclaim domestic chip production, as U.S. semiconductor capacity has dropped from 37% in 1990 to only 12% currently [3] - The policy has already led to substantial financial losses for companies like Nvidia, which reported a $5.5 billion loss due to similar policies, and major equipment manufacturers are projected to lose $1 billion annually [3] - The policy creates a double standard, where companies like Intel can avoid tariffs by committing to U.S. manufacturing, while others like Samsung face potential import restrictions despite significant contributions to global chip production [3][4] Group 2: Industry Reactions - The semiconductor industry is expressing frustration over the tariffs, with engineers and executives highlighting the impracticality of relocating manufacturing and the high costs associated with building new facilities in the U.S. [3][4] - The tariffs are expected to increase costs for consumers, with data center operators noting that GPU component tariffs could raise server costs by 15%, ultimately affecting cloud service prices [4] - The interconnected nature of the global semiconductor supply chain is emphasized, as the push for U.S. self-sufficiency may lead to inefficiencies and hinder innovation, contrary to the collaborative spirit that has historically driven the industry [5]