Group 1 - The marketing major in Hubei's higher education entrance examination requires students to possess good marketing thinking and a cutting-edge knowledge background in marketing, familiar with consumer demand-centered marketing activities and project-based marketing planning [1] Group 2 - The stages of new product development include: 1. Product idea generation 2. Screening to decide whether to continue using the idea 3. Business analysis involving potential sales and product costs 4. Development of the idea into a product 5. Market testing to reduce costs and risks 6. Launching the product [3][10] Group 3 - The product lifecycle consists of four stages: 1. Introduction: Low sales and profits, costs may exceed revenue 2. Growth: Rapid sales growth and increasing profits due to economies of scale 3. Maturity: Sales stabilize, competition increases, and weaker firms may exit 4. Decline: Sales decrease due to changing consumer preferences or new technologies [3] Group 4 - Supply and demand market changes indicate that: 1. Higher price levels lead to lower demand and vice versa 2. Higher price levels result in increased supply and vice versa 3. Equilibrium occurs when the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied at a specific price [4] Group 5 - Methods to correct market failures include: 1. Regulation, which can be difficult to implement 2. Subsidies, which may not effectively encourage consumption 3. Legislation, which may not adequately inform consumers about harmful products 4. Taxation, which has limited effects due to inelastic demand for harmful goods [5] Group 6 - Government intervention methods include: 1. Macroeconomic policy tools aimed at influencing the overall economy, such as interest rate changes and government spending 2. Microeconomic policies that specifically target individual markets [6] Group 7 - Factors affecting demand changes include: 1. Income, prices of substitutes, seasonality, and climate 2. Customer expectations, prices of complementary goods, and advertising 3. Customer preferences and government policies [7] Group 8 - Production factors, which are resources available for use, include land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship [8] Group 9 - Sources of market research information include: 1. Internal sources, which are information owned by the company 2. Primary external sources, which are information collected from the public 3. Secondary external sources, which are information derived from existing materials [9]
湖北专升本市场营销必背知识点总结
Sou Hu Cai Jing·2025-09-11 10:29