比美国出手还狠，墨西哥屈服于特朗普，准备将对华关税提高到50%

Core Points - Mexico is under pressure from the U.S. to renegotiate the USMCA, with a focus on aligning trade rules with U.S. interests [1][3] - The U.S. aims to modify regional trade rules, particularly in the automotive sector, which is crucial for Mexico's economy [7][9] - Mexico's decision to impose tariffs on countries without trade agreements, specifically targeting China, marks a significant shift in its trade policy [17][19] Trade Negotiations - The U.S. Secretary of State's visit to Mexico coincides with the announcement of the USMCA renegotiation, emphasizing trade and non-trade barriers [3][5] - The automotive industry is a focal point, with Mexico exporting 40% of its automotive and parts to the U.S., and 2.8 million vehicles expected to be exported in 2024 [7][9] - New U.S. rules require a significant increase in North American content for automotive parts, which could exclude many Mexican factories [9][11] Economic Impact - The proposed U.S. tariffs have increased production costs for Mexican vehicles, with an estimated $4,000 increase per vehicle and $12,000 for electric vehicles [11][13] - Mexico's steel exports to the U.S. are also under threat from a 25% tariff, leading to an additional cost of $828 million [13] - The automotive sector, contributing 5% to GDP, and trade with the U.S., accounting for 32% of total exports, are critical to Mexico's economy [13] Shift in Trade Policy - President of Mexico, Sin Baurm, announced tariffs on countries without trade agreements, explicitly naming China, indicating a shift from a neutral stance [17][19] - The U.S. is exerting dual pressure on Mexico, affecting its national interests and trade policies [15][17] - Proposed tariffs on Chinese products could reach 50%, significantly impacting key sectors like automotive parts and textiles [19][21] Global Supply Chain Implications - The U.S. is reshaping trade rules to create a "firewall" against China, which has drawn criticism from other Latin American countries [23] - The renegotiation of the USMCA is seen as a tool for unilateral sanctions, affecting not only Mexico-China trade but also the stability of the global economic order [23] - The increase in tariffs is expected to raise production costs across North America, ultimately impacting U.S. consumers [23]