CPI倒计时：关税给通胀“添火”，美联储降息还能按部就班吗？

Core Insights - The upcoming Consumer Price Index (CPI) report for August is expected to show persistent inflation, with a projected month-over-month increase of 0.3% and a year-over-year increase of 2.9%, marking the highest level since January [1][2] - Core CPI, excluding volatile food and energy prices, is anticipated to rise by 0.3% month-over-month and 3.1% year-over-year, remaining unchanged from previous values [1][2] - Tariff costs are expected to continue impacting overall inflation, with economists noting that the gradual implementation of tariffs helps avoid sharp price spikes in any given month [1][2] Economic Predictions - Goldman Sachs forecasts a month-over-month increase in core CPI of 0.36%, slightly above market expectations, pushing the year-over-year core CPI to 3.13% [2] - Ameriprise anticipates a month-over-month CPI increase of 0.4%, driven by rising tariff costs and food prices, with overall inflation expected to peak between 3.2% and 3.4% in November to December [3] - The impact of tariffs is seen as temporary, with expectations that inflation will peak and then begin to decline [3] Consumer Sentiment and Market Reactions - Consumer expectations for inflation over the next year have risen to 4.8%, significantly higher than market predictions of 2.6% [3] - The ongoing inflationary pressures are primarily driven by the service sector rather than goods prices, which are more directly affected by tariffs [5] - If CPI data exceeds expectations, it may indicate a loss of momentum in the inflation decline trend, complicating the Federal Reserve's decision-making regarding interest rate cuts [5][6] Federal Reserve Outlook - The market anticipates an 88% probability of a 25 basis point rate cut in September, with a 72% chance of another cut in October [5] - The Federal Reserve's focus on employment data may be challenged by rising inflation, making future rate decisions more complex [5][6] - Ameriprise predicts a rate cut in September but does not foresee another cut in October due to accelerating inflation [5]