特朗普为何废除陆上民用超声速飞行禁令？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent decision by the Trump administration to lift the long-standing ban on supersonic civil flight over land in the United States, which has implications for the future of supersonic aviation and the competitive landscape between the U.S. and China in this sector [1][20]. Summary by Sections Background on Supersonic Flight - The article explains the historical context of the "supersonic civil flight ban," which was established due to concerns over sonic booms and their impact on populated areas [2][12]. - The Concorde, a supersonic passenger aircraft, operated successfully for 50 years primarily over the Atlantic, where sonic booms had minimal impact on human activities [3][12]. Technical Challenges and Historical Failures - The U.S. faced significant challenges in developing its own supersonic passenger aircraft, with factors such as resource allocation to the Apollo program and the negative public perception of sonic booms contributing to its failure [9][14]. - The sonic boom phenomenon, which creates a sharp noise when an aircraft exceeds the speed of sound, has been a major barrier to the acceptance of supersonic flights over land [11][12]. Regulatory Changes and Implications - Trump's executive order mandates the FAA to eliminate the ban by December 2025 and establish new noise certification standards by December 2026, aiming to revitalize the U.S. supersonic aviation industry [20][28]. - The lifting of the ban is seen as a strategic move to enhance U.S. competitiveness in aerospace, particularly in light of advancements in Chinese supersonic technology [22][37]. Industry Response and Future Prospects - The article highlights that the current U.S. supersonic projects, such as Boom Supersonic, may not necessarily require the regulatory changes to proceed, as they could operate under existing frameworks [28][30]. - China's advancements in supersonic technology are noted, with significant progress in research and development, positioning it as a potential leader in the field [37][44]. Conclusion - The article concludes that while the regulatory changes may not immediately accelerate U.S. supersonic aviation development, they reflect a broader trend of military and aerospace focus in the U.S. amid rising competition from China [45].