经典常谈丨以科学态度对待科学理论

Core Viewpoint - The articles emphasize the importance of a scientific attitude towards Marxism, highlighting that while the basic principles of scientific socialism must be upheld, they should not be treated as rigid dogmas [1][2][4]. Group 1: Historical Context and Theoretical Development - Engels criticized the opportunistic tendencies of the "Young Party" within the German Social Democratic Party, warning against treating materialism as a mere label without deeper understanding [2]. - Engels stressed that Marxism should be viewed as a method for research rather than a fixed system, advocating for a comprehensive understanding of historical materialism [2][4]. - The need for accurate interpretation of Marxist theory to guide the international workers' movement was highlighted as a pressing issue during the late 19th century [1]. Group 2: Application and Evolution of Marxism - Engels maintained that Marxist theory is a developing one, not a set of doctrines to be memorized and mechanically repeated, urging for its application in specific contexts [3][4]. - The Chinese Communist Party has consistently applied Marxism to analyze and lead contemporary society, with Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping emphasizing the importance of adapting Marxism to Chinese realities [4][5]. - Xi Jinping's requirements for learning and practicing Marxism reflect a deepened understanding of its application in the context of contemporary Chinese socialism [5].