第二套人民币：新中国货币体系的奠基之作

Core Points - The second set of Renminbi, issued from March 1955 to January 1999, played a crucial role in establishing a modern currency system in China, addressing the monetary chaos of the early years of the People's Republic and reflecting significant historical and cultural values [1][11]. Background of Issuance - The first set of Renminbi had limitations such as large denominations, multiple valuation units, and poor anti-counterfeiting measures, which complicated transactions and financial management [1][2]. - The need for a standardized and stable currency system arose during the 1950s as the national economy began to recover, prompting the People's Bank of China to prepare for the design and issuance of the second set of Renminbi [2]. Currency Composition - The second set of Renminbi consists of 11 denominations and 13 versions, including unique features such as the 3 yuan note, which was printed in the Soviet Union and later became rare due to its limited circulation [5]. - The introduction of coins in December 1957, made from aluminum-magnesium alloy, complemented the paper currency and improved the small transaction process [5]. Design Features - The design of the second set of Renminbi reflects the era's political and cultural significance, featuring images of laborers and symbols of national achievements, which embody the values of the time [8]. - Advanced printing techniques were employed, enhancing the anti-counterfeiting capabilities and showcasing the progress in China's currency printing technology [8]. Historical Impact - The issuance of the second set of Renminbi unified the currency system, simplified transactions, and provided a stable financial environment essential for economic recovery and development [11]. - It played a vital role in supporting industrial and agricultural development during the "First Five-Year Plan" and laid the groundwork for future currency systems in China [11]. Collectible Value - The second set of Renminbi has become a popular collectible due to its historical significance and rarity, particularly the Soviet-printed notes, which are highly valued in the market [13]. - The cultural and historical aspects of the currency make it an important artifact for studying China's history and financial evolution, with prices for complete sets continuing to rise [13].