鲍威尔降息背后：美联储独立性遭遇最强政治挑战

Group 1 - The Federal Reserve's decision to cut interest rates by 25 basis points has caused significant reactions in global financial markets, highlighting the importance of the Fed's independence as emphasized by Chairman Powell [1] - Recent data shows that the US inflation rate has remained around 3%, significantly above the 2% target, while the unemployment rate has slightly increased to 4.2%, providing a rationale for the rate cut amid a cooling labor market [1] - There is ongoing debate among economists regarding the timing of the rate cut, with some arguing that inflation pressures remain and the cut may be premature, while others advocate for a preemptive cut to avoid a hard economic landing [1] Group 2 - Political influence on the Federal Reserve is a concern, as evidenced by President Trump's calls to dismiss Fed Governor Cook and appoint his economic advisor, which raises questions about the independence of monetary policy [1] - The independence of the Federal Reserve is not absolute, as its personnel appointments require presidential nomination and Senate confirmation, leaving room for political influence [2]