谁在模糊OTA与召回的边界？

Core Viewpoint - The recall of Xiaomi's SU7 vehicles, involving 117,000 units, aims to enhance the reliability of the advanced driving assistance system, despite not requiring physical part replacements, raising questions about the nature of recalls and the role of OTA upgrades in addressing safety issues [2][4]. Group 1: Recall Definition and Implementation - A recall is predicated on the existence of defects, and OTA upgrades are a method of executing recalls, which can improve efficiency and reduce costs [3][8]. - The National Market Supervision Administration has received 4,047 reports of OTA upgrade activities affecting 486 million vehicles by the end of 2024, with 19 OTA recalls involving 4.068 million vehicles in 2024, marking a 246.8% increase from the previous year [3]. - The definition of a recall includes actions taken by manufacturers to eliminate defects in sold vehicles, which can involve free repairs, replacements, or refunds [4]. Group 2: Nature of Xiaomi's Recall - Xiaomi's SU7 recall is classified as a passive recall, initiated under the investigation of the National Market Supervision Administration, rather than an active recall [5]. - The recall number for Xiaomi's SU7 indicates a safety defect, categorized as "I" for investigation-influenced recall, contrasting with other manufacturers like FAW Toyota and Xpeng, which have conducted active recalls [6]. Group 3: OTA vs. Recall - OTA upgrades are not equivalent to recalls and should not replace them; they are merely a technical service method that can be used to address defects [9]. - Tesla exemplifies the use of OTA upgrades to resolve defects, having recalled 1.1 million vehicles in 2023, primarily addressing software issues through OTA rather than physical recalls [7]. - The National Market Supervision Administration emphasizes that while OTA can enhance recall completion rates and reduce costs, it should not be used to evade the responsibilities associated with recalls [9].