什么是量子科技？都有哪些应用？一文了解

Core Insights - Quantum technology is a crucial development direction for China's future industries and is expected to revolutionize emerging technologies [1] - China has made significant strides in quantum technology, including the development of the "Zu Chongzhi No. 3" quantum computing prototype and a new type of quantum entangled light source with a fidelity of 99.4% [1][2] Group 1: Quantum Technology Innovations - Quantum technology is based on the principles of quantum mechanics, enabling advancements in quantum computing, communication, and measurement [1] - The "Zu Chongzhi No. 3" quantum computing prototype was launched in March 2025, setting a new global record for superconducting quantum computing superiority [1] - A research team created a "nano-photon factory" in July 2025, producing a new quantum entangled light source with a fidelity of 99.4%, laying the groundwork for advanced quantum applications [1] Group 2: Quantum Communication and Measurement - A 300-kilometer quantum direct communication network was successfully constructed, demonstrating the feasibility of long-distance high-security communication [2] - Quantum sensors, which are capable of measuring at the atomic level, are being developed to provide precise measurements for applications in various fields [3][4] - The world's smallest quantum sensor, with a scale of 0.5 nanometers, is being utilized for measuring extremely small entities, such as individual cells and molecules [4][5] Group 3: Practical Applications and Industry Development - The world's first quantum application demonstration substation in Hefei integrates 85 types of quantum technology-related products, enhancing operational safety and efficiency [8][9] - Quantum sensors are expected to replace many traditional measurement devices, significantly improving accuracy and reducing costs in power systems [9] - The quantum computing capabilities demonstrated in Hefei, with a quantum computer featuring 504 qubits, show potential for applications in weather prediction and information security [11][12] Group 4: National and Regional Strategies - The Chinese government is promoting the development of future industries, including quantum technology, through various policies and initiatives [13][14] - Hefei is recognized as a key hub for quantum technology innovation, with plans to develop a hundred billion-level industry cluster by 2027 [14] - Other cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen are also advancing their quantum technology initiatives, focusing on practical applications and industry cultivation [14]