我国应对外部风险挑战底气为何更足？国家外汇局朱鹤新答21记者

Core Insights - The press conference highlighted the achievements of China's financial sector during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, emphasizing the stability and resilience of the foreign exchange market despite a complex external environment [1][2]. Group 1: Foreign Exchange Market Performance - The foreign exchange market in China has shown stable operation with enhanced vitality and resilience, characterized by robust cross-border capital flows and trade activities [2]. - In 2024, China's cross-border capital flows are projected to reach $14 trillion, a 64% increase from 2020, with an average annual growth rate during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period being 8 percentage points higher than the previous five-year period [2]. - The trading volume in the foreign exchange market is expected to reach $41 trillion in 2024, reflecting a 37% increase from 2020, with both spot and derivative transactions growing simultaneously [2]. Group 2: Market Structure and Participation - As of June 2023, 703 banks and 115 non-bank institutions are participating in the interbank foreign exchange market, including 296 foreign institutions, indicating a broadening of market participation [3]. - The infrastructure for trading, clearing, and payment has been continuously improved, effectively reducing transaction costs and settlement risks, thereby better serving the real economy [3]. Group 3: Market Stability and Future Outlook - The foreign exchange market has demonstrated rational and orderly trading, with the dual floating and increased elasticity of the RMB exchange rate acting as stabilizers for the macro economy and international balance of payments [3]. - The ratio of enterprises using foreign exchange hedging has increased from 17% in 2020 to approximately 30%, while the RMB's share in cross-border trade has risen from 16% to nearly 30%, indicating enhanced market resilience [3]. - Looking ahead, the long-term positive fundamentals of the Chinese economy and steady high-level opening-up are expected to support a stable international balance of payments, providing a solid foundation for the healthy development of the foreign exchange market during the "15th Five-Year Plan" [3].