猛砸万亿做基建 越南在布什么“棋局”？

Core Viewpoint - Vietnam is launching an ambitious infrastructure investment plan with a total investment of 1,280 trillion VND (approximately 50 billion USD) for 250 large-scale projects, marking the beginning of a 10 to 20-year economic development and modernization phase [1][6]. Infrastructure Challenges - Vietnam's road quality ranks 109th globally, with only 60% of national roads being asphalted and many roads remaining in poor condition [2]. - The railway system largely consists of narrow-gauge tracks from the colonial era, limiting capacity and speed, with average speeds around 50 km/h [2]. - Power supply issues have led to nationwide blackouts, causing significant losses for major companies, with a reported loss of 1.4 billion USD for firms like Foxconn and Samsung [3]. Government Initiatives - The Vietnamese government is focusing on infrastructure to address economic challenges, with public investment spending increasing by 40% year-on-year in the first half of the year [6]. - As of June 30, public investment reached 268.1 trillion VND (approximately 10.3 billion USD), accounting for 32.5% of the approved budget for 2025 [6]. Investment Landscape - The government is funding 129 of the 250 projects, with a total investment of approximately 478 trillion VND (about 18 billion USD), while 121 projects are supported by private and foreign capital, totaling around 30.5 billion USD [7]. - Private and foreign investments account for 63% of the total investment in these projects [7]. Market Opportunities for Chinese Enterprises - Chinese companies are increasingly involved in Vietnam's infrastructure projects, with significant contracts awarded for metro and highway construction [10][11]. - The shift towards smaller, more manageable projects is noted as a strategy to mitigate risks associated with large-scale investments [11]. Strategic Considerations - Experts suggest that Chinese enterprises should form strategic alliances to avoid internal competition and price wars in the crowded Vietnamese market [11]. - Identifying new opportunities in sectors like renewable energy, electricity, and telecommunications is recommended, as traditional infrastructure sectors may face protectionist barriers [11].