教育告别象牙塔：实践成果可抵论文，学生站上生产一线

Group 1: Core Insights - The "14th Five-Year Plan" period has seen significant advancements in education, contributing to social and economic development [1] - Higher education institutions have become the main force in national basic research and a source of major technological breakthroughs, providing a rich talent resource for economic resilience [1][2] - The "Double First-Class" initiative is a key project for building a strong education nation, with universities producing over 50% of master's and 80% of doctoral graduates in the country [2] Group 2: Talent Development and Evaluation Reform - The "Double First-Class" universities have undertaken over 90% of national high-level talent training tasks, focusing on cultivating strategic talents like excellent engineers [2][5] - A major reform allows students to apply for master's and doctoral degrees based on innovative achievements such as patents and product designs, rather than traditional thesis requirements [2][5] - As of now, 40 national excellent engineer colleges have been established in collaboration with top enterprises, enhancing the integration of education and industry [5][6] Group 3: Technology Transfer and Innovation - Over 75% of national natural science and technology invention awards during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period have come from higher education institutions [7] - Universities are establishing regional technology transfer centers and optimizing university science parks to facilitate the conversion of scientific achievements into practical applications [8][9] - New university technology parks are significantly contributing to technological transformation and regional economic development [9][10] Group 4: Vocational Education and Industry Support - China has the largest vocational education system globally, with 34 million students across various levels, supporting the transition from "Made in China" to "Created in China" [11] - The vocational education system is expanding, with 12,000 new professional points added during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, focusing on engineering and technology [11][12] - Initiatives like the "High-Skilled Talent Cluster Training Plan" are being implemented to enhance the practical skills of students through real-world industry exposure [12][13]